Techie Information

[Karen_Agusta]

Fellow Riders

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I wrote several articles in the general section

I was told those articles are better posted here

Rather than crosspost them which is a big time no-no

I am just going to post the links to articles I wrote

You can go ahead and peek at them there if you wish to

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Rubber Side Down

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Karen

[Karen_Agusta]

Just a follow up to include ... that is all ... this is my introcution I wrote to this board ... since most of you have read it you do not have to read at it all ... I am merely including this as part of the compilation of technical articles I have written thus far to keep them in one place ...

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Because I know "just a little" about motorcycles and the fact that

An engine is essentially an air pump of a combustible mixture

Regarding air - it is not "sucked" or "pulled" into the engine

There are no little hands reaching out grabing air molecules

Air may only be pushed into an engine it is never pulled into one

The air pressure at sea level is 14.7 pounds per square inch

On the intake stroke carb and intake valve in the open position

The piston is travelling downward creating a void inside the engine

Thus there is an "empty space" being made inside the engines cylinder

The 14.7 PSI pressure on the opposite site of the carb and valve

PUSHES AIR into the empty space created by the downward travelling piston

Thus in order to increase the amout of air a given engine can pump

Its design must maximize airflow this is known as volumetric efficiency

Or the air pressure into the engine be increased via super or turbo charging

The same is true for a vacuum cleaner or any other such device air is pushed in

Another board asked me to write an article on purchasing your first bike

For the discussion I used motorcycle racing as the primary topic

That an understanding of the machine itself may thereby be obtained

Thus making selection the device best suited to your purposes easier ... Karen

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=yTgyBmdD4f4

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=7X08zELY-lo

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=6Mfwv_GwhFs

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=vURjSJi5Zjk

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=7x7lwPzayHI

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Moto GP / F1 Racing Engines

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Engine revolutions fourteen thousand rpm at starting line

Rider slips clutch out torque / not well at low rpm

Large drop in RPM as engine propels bike from start

Once motorcycle returns to proper rpm range

Must at all times be kept there by selecting correct gear

Usually between eight and fourteen thousand rpms

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=-NHEAxKGw8Y

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=btnOW31bg14

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As motorcycle begins to move it is held upright

This occurs at very low revolutions through gyroscopic precession

Imagine a bottle tied to a string you hold in your hand

The bottle and the end of the string is one inch above the ground

You begin to spin in a circle and as you do so the bottle rises

Once you are spinning fast you feel the tension rise upon the string

That is because the atoms in the bottle are being "thrown" away from you

The only reason the bottle remains is the strength of the string

Exceeds the tension the bottle applies to it however

Should you let go of the string or the string should break

The bottle will fly away ... this is what occurs in a motorcycle wheel

The only difference is that it occurs in a vertically instead of horizontally

Here as in discuss you have made yourself the axis about this the item processes

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=sEW1ZsSCVHE

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=IEwAry0GARw

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=8H98BgRzpOM

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=pF_SUvPAOSs

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To test this to the following ...

Get an old bicycle wheel

Put a bar through where the axle was

Use some duct tape on the bar to keep it centered

Have a friend spin the wheel fast as you hold it

Now try to turn the wheel to the left ... it does not

The wheels force shall alter direction and flip over

Here she is trying to turn the wheel to the left of right

When she does you shall see what occurs.

This is gyroscopic motion / inertia

What is important to realize here other than what you see

Is that these people are not "flipping the wheel over"

They are with their hands attempting to turn it to the left or right

The flipping to the side you see is the gyroscopes resistance to that

Thus is is important to remember a motorcycle is not a car

It is a system based upon two spinning gyroscopes

Therefore it reacts as one and must be driven that way

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=TSC6e2e5lQw

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=_VAavF8EJzw

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=eLRFsy0fOTE

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=YzgUiremOtw

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Directed forward rider pushes bars away from direction of turn

Wheels act as gyroscopes countersteering leans bike into turn

First Law of Motion: Body in motion persists in a straight line

unless compelled to change

This is one of the hardest for new riders

Also many riders are not taught this

And even experienced riders may argue this

However the fact remains to steer a bike to the left

You must push the handlebars to the right

To steer a motorcycle to the right

You must turn the bars to the left

This is not only important to turn at high speed

If you have a car coming at you from the right

And you are travelling over ten miles per hour

You must turn towards the object

If you own a bicycle find a hill and ride down it

Get the bike going fairly quick and very very gently

Turn the bars to the left and you will turn to the right

Or push on the left handgrip go left

I am including this to such a great degree

Because if you ride a bike you MUST understand this

In racing we use this to "throw the bike over hard"

This allows us to dive into a turn steeply

I am including this with some degree of intensity

There is also a myth that a motorcycle is turned by leaning

I do not recommend you try this unless you are an experienced rider

Even then you may dump your bike however as a demonstration

I one time leaned far to the left knee down and

By countersteering turned the bike to the right

Thus leaning is a part of turning but there is more to it

That is how the racer throws the bike into the turn so quickly

Because if you ride a motorcycle it may save your life one day

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=oVa2Ax-Dins

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=M1A7o-aXvqU

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=s8M_7fBR63Y

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=v5AmFGioYDg

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Ok so that is how the racer throws the bike down into the turn so quickly

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Braking = Kinetic Energy and thermodynamics

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From wikipedia

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The kinetic energy of an object is the extra energy which it possesses due to its motion. It is defined as the work needed to accelerate a body of a given mass from rest to its current velocity. Having gained this energy during its acceleration, the body maintains this kinetic energy unless its speed changes. Negative work of the same magnitude would be required to return the body to a state of rest from that velocity.

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Friction is not a fundamental force, as it is derived from electromagnetic force between charged particles, including electrons, protons, atoms, and molecules, and so cannot be calculated from first principles, but instead must be found empirically. When contacting surfaces move relative to each other, the friction between the two surfaces converts kinetic energy into thermal energy, or heat.

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In other words energy was applied to accelerate the object

Thus energy must be applied to slow the object

In machinery we use frictional energy converting motion to heat

The kinetic energy of an object is the extra energy

Which it possesses due to its motion

The kinetic energy of a single object

Is completely frame-dependent (relative)

For example, a bullet racing by a non-moving observer

Has kinetic energy in the reference to frame of this observer

But the same bullet has zero kinetic energy to itself

Thus at steady speed the motorcycle applies zero kinetic energy to the rider

For the rider is not part of the same travelling system as the motorcycle

However this becomes a completely different situation

Slowing motorcycle from 200to 40 mph via brakes

frictional conversion of forward momentum / energy to heat using

Through the use of advanced ceramic materials

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=D8MsuFHlc54

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=m1dv_y_3EK0

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=L8pnaRpDU1A

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The idea in racing unlike in road riding is this

On the road you want to brake in a slow and smooth motion

Taking your time slowing the bike easily

In racing you want to brake as late as you possibly can

Hammer on the brakes and then get back on the throttle

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However there are severe issues in motorcycle braking

1: if you are hard in a turn braking will want to throw the bike over

2: This is called highsiding where the bike flips you over itself

3: Not too many braking examples however it is common in racing

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=KREIjnk6jTI

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=kGdU6ypYXD4

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Yet another issue is the independent front and rear brakes

Thus you must balance the force applied to both brakes perfectly

On the front brake if you apply it wrong and use

To much force and you shall go over the front wheel

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=ARdw0WrV_gE

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Or you shall put the wheel into a skid throwing you down

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However much more common is the rear wheel lock up

Though I do not have vids of that if you have ever seen

A motorcycle try to stop quickly and the rear wheel go everywhere

You see the read wheel slide all over ... the rider must counteract that

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=BZqXPhK_3LE

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=kfmWx0tYRV8

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=s0P3tYskn84

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=HBm_L5Xt780

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Also we do not have windshield wipers

Remember unlike on a car where you can stab the brakes

On a motorbike even in a panic or in a race

You must perfectly modulate the brakes or you will crash

You can easily crash through improper braking alone

Furthermore remember the ONLY thing keeping you upright

I gyroscopic precession. Thus should you lock up a wheel

Even at 60 MPG there is nothing keeping you upright at all

Therefore as the racer brakes they must do so perfectly

On both wheels in order to slow the bike correctly

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Centrifugal Force:

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As you turn certifugal force wants you to go to the outside of the turn

lean angle of the motorbike counteract the force pushing you to the outside

Here is where Chemistry comes into play for unlike the older days

Today the advanced compounds in the tires allow lean angles to 60

Degrees-Very fine line between optimum cornering and crashing

Outward and downward forward forces balanced precisely

You must consider the camber of the curve to determine speed

You must also know if it is a decreasing radius curve as well

One other common issue is called going wide on the turn

To lean a motorcycle hard over is frightening it feels like falling

So due to this fear to do not throw the bike over hard enough

By this choice you do not make the turn and you drift wide on the corner

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=Hx7RvfukIG4

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=mTnKkdIfVXQ

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=cq9Ua5Tuw3Y

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=5wYD9SSBBNQ

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=sN3bD4U5yJ4

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=W16hsnIur1Y

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=QCg3BMGe52M

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=3aW01UaHyC4

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=7mHTzOskcQE

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Thus a motorcycle excellent example how physics work

A motorcycle at a constant speed

defined as "v" for velocity in motion

Is about to enter a level, circular, curve

The curve is defined a r for the radius of the curve

The radius r lean angle from the vertical position

Is approximated by the following relationship

First I shall need to explain theta ...

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Theta ... Theta is used When determining the measure of the angle in the work equation, it is important to recognize that the angle has a precise definition - it is the angle between the force and the displacement vector. An explanation would be applying a force to displace a motorbike up a hill to the top of the hill. A force is applied to a bike to displace it up the hill at constant speed. Say 30 MPH.

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Several incline angles are used progressively steeper thus you must increase the force to maintain 30 mph. However do not forget that the force is always applied parallel to the incline. And the displacement of the motorbike is also parallel to the incline as well. These are defined a F for force and D for displacement. Since F and d are in the same direction, the angle theta in the work equation is 0 degrees. For they are in a relationship of zero degrees to one another. Nevertheless you may wish to experienced the strong temptation to measure the angle of incline and use it in the equation. Do not do so because angle. It is defined as the angle between the force and the displacement vector.

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Next issue is the definition of Tangent

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Tangent is as follows ... a straight line or plane that touches a curve or curved surface at a point but does not intersect it at that point ratio of the opposite to the adjacent side of a right-angled triangle ... Tangent line to a curve at a given point is the straight line that "just touches" the curve at that point ... Tangent plane to a curve is the plane that contains

all the lines tangent to a specific point on a surface

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The equation for it is as follows

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tan (\theta) = \frac {v^2} {rg} where g is the acceleration due to gravity

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What this means is as follows ... the speed of the bike and the weight of the bike, the radius, displacement, and camber of the turn shall determine the amount you lean and balance the bike to thereby counteracting the centrifugul force trying to make you go wide on the turn allowing you (provided you do not exceed the frictional capability of the tires in doing so) to steer to the apex of the turn properly and set the bike for the next turn.

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Thus when people ask me what should my first bike be. Sure the common answers would be

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The Ninja 250r

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http://www.kawasaki.....ns.aspx?id=431

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The Suzuki Tu250

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http://www.suzukicyc....egory=standard

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The yamaha V Star250 (AN EXCELLENT BEGINNERS RIDE OF HIGH QUALITY AND BEAUTIFUL FINISH)

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http://www.starmotor....89/0/home.aspx

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The Honda 250 rebel

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http://powersports.h...2009/rebel.aspx

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However here shows how to ride your motorcycle as this person is doing ... taking an extremely common and well made street bike (the Ninja 250r which I plan to purchase and am already set up with the dealer to do) onto the track and showing what a little 250cc street bike can do when ridden by skilled riders ... on the track ... not on the street ...

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http://www.youtube.c...h?v=y2HnEld-z3Q

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Rubber Side Down

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Karen

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[blackhat250]

Karen" you are far too inteligent for the bikers on here, Are you a genius , whats your day job,???

[Karen_Agusta]

Thank you sweetie

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There is not better or more appreciated compliement than anyone could give to me than ... "genius" you really know how to touch a girls heart.

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After fifteen years in motorcycles (which before I got into I took one year of college for mechanical engineering) ... I decided to go back to college and get an AA degree in computer programming / repair ... my day job is network administrator for a health care facility. Though they are shutting down and relocating which I decided not to do ... so now I am just a Biker Chick.

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Karen

Karen" you are far too inteligent for the bikers on here, Are you a genius , whats your day job,???

[barkwindjammer]

Clicky clicky

[Karen_Agusta]

Like the new flag picture ... and also the Clicky Cliky ... though are you implying I am fast forward or fast behind

Clicky clicky